This briefing paper by NewClimate Institute concisely presents the key information and aspects on the conditionality of countries‘ mitigation contributions in their INDCs. It gives an overview of the variety of forms of conditional contributions and of the types of conditions, which closely reflect some of the important issues discussed at the international policy level. In addition, the paper examines the implications of conditionality for the effort by the international community to address climate change collectively, with particular focus on climate change mitigation ambition levels, procedural and legal implications, as well as the international finance and support streams.